Analysis Of The Movie Doll House - 954 Words

â€Å"In a reverse trend of sorts, women want to stay at home after marriage. And the husbands don t seem too happy with the trend.† In Doll House there is a rich white family consisting of a mother, father, a maid, and three small children. This story takes place in 1879. Nora and her family is picture perfect, they are rich since the husband is a lawyer. Fences is about the story of a black working class family that takes place in 1985 focusing on Rose and Troy, a black struggling with money. Both couples have problems in each relationship within themselves that takes a turn for the worst. In Doll House we see that Nora is a loving and caring wife who lives with her husband Torvald and three young children. When Nora borrows money she is doing that save her husband, to save her marriage. Mrs. Linde says â€Å"Because you couldn’t have borrowed it. A wife can’t borrow without her husband’s consent.† Nora wanted to do whatever she had to do to save her beloved husbands’ life. Because he could have died if he didn’t get the surgery. Nora does not want her husband to find out that she borrowed money from anyone. Torvald, her husband, thinks the money is from his deceased father-in-law. However, Rose in Fences, is a loving and caring wife that is worried about her husband’s alcohol abuse. She says to him â€Å"You going to drink yourself to death. You don’t need to be drinking like that.† It seems that Troy likes to drink a lot and it is beginning to worry Rose. Rose feels that Troy willShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Movie A Doll s House 877 Words   |  4 Pages â€Å"A Doll’s House† is a British movie filmed in 1973. Nora has spent her enter life living under the rules of her late father and authoritarian husband, Torvald. Years earlier Nora committed forgery by signing her father’s name in order to borrow money from a man named Krogstad. Nora’s husband was dying and she needed the money to take a trip to Italy to save him. Now she is being blackmailed and lives in fear of her husband discovering what she has done. But when the truth is revealed Nora findsRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie A Doll s House 1070 Words   |  5 PagesIn A Doll’s House, directed by Patrick Garland, the movie revolves around a loving housewife named Nora Helmer living in a high class society in Norway, under the roof of her husband, her three children, a nurse and the nanny that she grew up with and also takes care of Nora’s children. In the film adaptation, Garland s hows a shift in gender roles in the nineteenth century that are embedded within the visual text for the audience to see. Garland is showing that in the late 19th century, women ofRead MoreV for Vendetta: The Movie and the Book948 Words   |  4 Pagesbook V for Vendetta. The movie was based on that very graphic book. The main idea of the essay is to compare and contrast both the movie and the graphic book. The essay will consist of several parts. The first part will contain the analysis of the reality described in the story about V. the second part will be devoted to the comparison between the movie and the graphic book, whereas the in the last part I will contrast them. The idea of the essay is to prove that the movie has almost nothing commonRead MoreMovie Analysis : Am I A Boy Or A Girl 901 Words   |  4 PagesThis fear conceivably commenced around the world, in all different cultures. In the movie, Ma Vien en Rose (My Life in Pink), director Alain Berliner highlights a famil y shunned by their own community in retaliation of their seven year old transgender son, Ludovic. There are several interesting aspects within this film that highlight the â€Å"fear† of difference. Also, the confusion and anger embedded throughout the movie in regards to misapprehended gender based expectations. The question that LudovicRead MoreGender Stereotypes In The Media1207 Words   |  5 Pagesmodels of the same sex. This can be seen through the Disney Princess movies. One example is in the movie Cinderella. Cinderella is a poor girl who works cleaning the house where she is not appreciated. Her problems seem to disappear when she falls in love with a rich and handsome prince. This shows how gender stereotypes can be learned and influence the child’s development of gender stereotypes. This movie gives young girls the message that they cannot be independent and they need a man to be successfulRead MoreBoy in Striped Pajamas1470 Words   |  6 PagesThe Boy In Striped Pajamas: A Movie Analysis The film is an emotional experience highlighting the tragedy of innocence, using the point of view of an eight-year-old German boy to expose the raw psychological devastation of the era. Its an unnerving film with a knockout punch for an ending, but it feels more acceptable as an educational piece than a profoundly rewarding work of drama. This movie is based on a book that goes by the same name, The Boy in the Striped Pajamas, written by John BoyneRead MoreRemember The Titans : Movie Analysis1370 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction The movie Remember the Titans, focus on family assessment with an emphasis on family values, socialization, healthcare beliefs, and adaptation on how family solves problems. Also, family processes by way of adjustment in a newly ethnic integrated community surrounding sociocultural, environment and roles in the community. The analysis of Remember the Titans is surrounded by the main character Coach Herman Boone, his wife and two daughters including family values and adaptation. Movie SettingRead MoreNorman Bates1736 Words   |  7 PagesGenital. Even though Sigmund Freud never was writing about the movie _Psycho_, theories of Freud, have a great connection with the personality of Norman Bates. According to Oedipus complex, by Sigmund Freud, it introduced the term for a child s libidinal attachment to the opposite sex parent, while experiencing jealousy and dislike of the same sex parent, as an expression of infantile sexuality. The character Norman Bates, in the movie _Psycho_, showed many signs of having an Oedipus complex whenRead MoreBiography of Thomas Edison Essay1341 Words   |  6 Pages Thomas Alva Edison is one of the most famous inventors. He saw many changes take place in his lifetime. His inventions were responsible for many of those changes. Some of his inventions were the telephone, the light bulb, the movie projector, and the phonograph. These inventions contributed to modern day, lights, movies, telephones, records and CDs. When Edison was born, there was no such thing as electricity, but by the time he died entire cities were lit by electricity (wwwRead MoreBarbie Case2561 Words   |  11 Pagesis a successful independent woman, who lives in a world of pink, where she owns a dream house in Malibu. Every day, she wears high-heels to work, and even runs a fashion chain under her name. For many, she was the influential icon of American culture in the late 20th century. Until now, I dare say that her image is still very potent worldwide. Who is she? Never before has she ever starred in a Hollywood movie or performed at a famous fashion show. Surprisingly, she never exists in real life and

Comparison of Tom Sawyer and Huck Finn in The Adventures...

Comparison of Tom Sawyer and Huck Finn in The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain Tom Sawyer and Huck Finn were both characters created by Mark Twain. Tom Sawyer is the main character in the book The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and Huck Finn is the main character in the book The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. Huck Finn and Tom Sawyer were alike in many ways but they were also very different. One way in which Huck Finn and Tom Sawyer are alike is that they are both very brave. In the book The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Huck and Jim see a steamboat that had wrecked on the rocks and decide to check it out. Huck thinks that there will be lots of things on the wrecked boat for them to filch. Jim was a†¦show more content†¦One thing different between Huck Finn and Tom Sawyer is that Huck has no family. Huck lives with the widow and her sister, Miss Watson. In the book The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Tom Sawyer made a gang and they would kill people. One of the rules of the club was if anyone told anyone else about what happened they would kill that person and their family. One of the boys in the gang pointed out that Huck had no family so it wasn’t fair for him to be in the gang. Huck thought he was not going to be able to be in the gang but then â€Å"all at once I thought of a way, and so I offered them Miss Watson - they could kill herâ₠¬ . And he was allowed in the gang because the boys agreed that they could just kill Miss Watson if Huck told anyone. Another thing different between the two boys is Huck often gets confused or distracted. When Huck went to Judith Loftus’s house he dressed as a girl and first told her that his name was Sarah Williams. Later he forgets that he is a girl and threads a needle like a boy, throws like a boy, and even forgets his own name. â€Å"Sarah’s my first name. Some calls me Sarah, some calls me Mary,† he said. One more difference between Tom and Huck is that Tom is very violent and Huck is easy going and helpful. In Tom’s â€Å"gang† he said that they would kill everyone, even women. When one of the boys asked if theyShow MoreRelatedHuckleberry Finn - the Controversial Ending2199 Words   |  9 PagesThe Adventures of Huck Finn-The Controversial Ending The novel The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn has stirred up much controversy over such topics as racism, prejudice and gender indifference, but the brunt of the criticism has surrounded itself around the ending, most notably with the re-entry of Tom Sawyer. Some people viewed the ending as a bitter disappointment, as shared by people such as Leo Marx. The ending can also be viewed with success, as argued by such people as Lionel TrillingRead MoreAnalysis Of The Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn 1679 Words   |  7 PagesAnalysis of an Important Character Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is a story about growing up, facing the world, and fighting for what’s right. Huckleberry Finn matures greatly throughout the book, and Tom Sawyer plays an important role in showing this change. His character allows the reader to see Huck’s increase in maturity throughout the story. Tom is the constant, his immaturity not changing from the beginning to the end of Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, while Huck is the changing variable. Tom’sRead MoreThe Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn By Mark Twain1010 Words   |  5 Pages11 AP December 13 2016 The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Essay Huckleberry Finn is a fictional character created by Mark Twain who first appeared in the book The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and is the narrator of its sequel The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. In the novel, Huck changes his ethical approach, the method by which he makes his decisions, as he progresses down the Mississippi River. One example of this is his perception of his dear friend, Tom Sawyer, who in the beginning he respectsRead MoreThe Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn4280 Words   |  18 PagesNadeem Sbaiti Mrs. Greenlee HN ENG III 1, June 2015 Independent Novel Project The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Knowledge Significance Of Title The title The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn seems to be very self-explanatory of the significance hence the name. Furthermore after further review and thought I have realized there is a deeper meaning than just that of Huckleberry Finn. When the book first begins it is showing the start of the young boys band of robbers and it leads you to believe theRead MoreEssay about Huck Finn1567 Words   |  7 PagesHuck Finn Throughout the ages The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn has been a treasured novel to people of all ages. For young adults the pure adventuresome properties of the book captivates and inspires wild journeys into the unknown. The book appeals to them only as a quest filled with danger and narrow escapes. It is widely considered â€Å"that children of 12 or so are a little too young to absorb the book’s complexities† (Galileo: Morrow). However, as readers mature and become older, theyRead MoreThe Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn s Life And The Book1313 Words   |  6 PagesTom Sawyer plays a huge role in both Huckleberry Finn’s life and the book. His character allows the reader to see Huck’s increase of maturity throughout the story. Tom is the constant, his immaturity not changing from the beginning to the end of Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, while Huck is the changing variable. Tom’s head is in the clouds when we first meet his character. He imagines daring adventures of robbing Spanish merchants and rich Arabs, and we see Huck fantasizing over the same thingsRead MoreSimilarities And Differences Between Huckleberry Finn And Tom Sawyer1111 Words   |  5 PagesCharacter Comparison of Huckleberry Finn and Tom Sawyer- In the book of Huckleberry Finn, Mark Twain creates two memorable characters as well as a comparison of society and freedom. Main character Huck; is the rebellious son of the local drunkard. He is stubborn, savage and he values freedom. As his friend and leader; Tom Sawyer is very brave and recalcitrant, also an adventurous and great friend. Huck is abducted by Pap, who is his drunken father. Pap captures Huck because he wants Hucks $6000Read MoreTom Sawyer : Little Rascal And Proper Southern Gentleman1696 Words   |  7 PagesTom Sawyer: Little Rascal and Proper Southern Gentleman In The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Tom Sawyer appears in St Petersburg and at the Phelps’ farm as Huck Finn’s companion. Though Tom serves as Huck’s partner-in-crime of sorts, the two boys contrast in crucial perceptual and behavioral aspects: where Tom possesses a love for romanticism and a strict policy of adherence to societal conventions and codes, Huck possesses a skeptical sort of personality in which he tends to perceive society’sRead MoreEssay about Examples of Racism in The Aventures of Huckleberry Finn1080 Words   |  5 Pagesthe end of slavery, and even until the Civil Rights movement 100 years later. Mark Twain’s â€Å"Adventures of Huckleberry Finn† provides clear examples of racism present in the mid- to late-1800’s, but with a central focus on showing how attitudes can change. Throughout the book nearly everyone Huck and Jim encounter treats Jim as if he is inferior and not worthy of respect or equal treatment. As the story progresses, Huck becomes aware of the similarities of Jim, a runaway slave, and white people, showingRead MoreThe Adventures Of Huck Finn By Mark Twain1868 Words   |  8 PagesIn the Adventures of Huck Finn, Mark Twain uses nature and the river to express the ideas of Huck’s and Jim’s freedom on the raft. However, the two characters encounter the restrictions of freedom through the civilization found on the shore. The continual shift of Huck and Jim’s setting from the shore to the river highlights the comparisons and differences between the two. Mark Twain uses the personality and background of the characters, events on the raft and the shore, and imagery to help differentiate

Salem Witch Trials Legal Proceedings - 1338 Words

The Salem Witch Trials, also know as the Salem Witchcraft Trials were legal proceedings which took place of course in the Salem Village of Massachusetts. These trials began during the spring of 1692, after a group of young girls in the village, claimed to be possessed by the devil accusing several local women of practicing the craft. Victims were prosecuted and executed for reputedly practicing witchcraft, when little to no evidence of the act itself existed. This historical period resulted in twenty people, mostly women, being hung for black magic conspiracies. Neighbors accused neighbors; even church members accused other church members of witchcraft. Others were accused, but fled the area before they could be arrested. During this time†¦show more content†¦In addition, the bible was there sole authority, for they believed it applied to every aspect of daily life. As for their other beliefs, Puritans thought Satan was responsible for everything bad happening in day-to-day living. The Puritans believed that the members of society, weakest at upholding Puritan values and morals, specifically women and children, would be selected to carry out his work. This means women accused as witches were those who strayed from the Puritan lifestyle and were considered to be social outcasts. For the Puritans, religious and political life were completely intertwined. Each Puritan town had town meetings to determine how the town would be run, and only male church members were allowed to vote on these issues. This is probably the reason why the women were seen as the weakest society member’s maintaining Puritan values. The Devils have sometimes represented the Shapes of persons not only innocent, but also very virtuous (Salem Witch Trials). â€Å"†¦And I cannot but tell you that my faith is strong concerning them, that they are deluded, imposed upon, and under the influence of some evil spirit, and therefore unfit to be evidences, either against themselves or anyone else† (Salem Witchcraft Trials). Although the Puritans beliefs were very important to them, it did seem as though they were accusing specific people. This mainly included young women, usually belonging to wealthy families.Show MoreRelatedThe Crucible : Fictional Account Of The Salem Witch Trials1303 Words   |  6 PagesThe 1996 film The Crucible is a fictional account of the Salem witch trials. While there are many historical inaccuracies in the movie, it does capture some of the themes in scholarship on the period. The film presents the town of Salem in a similar way to how it is depicted in the textbook. The film gets the basic outline of the Salem witch trials right. A group of girls started a panic by accusing an enslaved woman and two other women of bewitching them. During the event more than 200 people wereRead MoreThe Mystery Of The Salem Witchcraft Trials1048 Words   |  5 PagesMystery of the Salem Witchcraft Trials Jennifer Hollenbeck AP United States History Mrs. Price November 12, 2014 The Salem witchcraft trials were a particularly dark and mysterious time in the history of America. These trials that were arranged upon the belief of witchcraft could have multiple explanations. In my opinion these trials began as a combination between religious factors, boredom, social issues and all coming together in a mess of suspicion and deceit. Although these trials did startRead MoreThe Invisible World By The Salem Witch Trials1559 Words   |  7 PagesDuring the Salem Witch Trials, Bridget Bishop was not granted a fair trial due to legal issues with the court proceedings. If this trial were to happen again in modern time the trail and out come would have been drastically different. The Invisible World by Cotton Mather is an excellent example of how Bridget Bishop was granted a fair trail during the Salem Witch Trials. Cotton Mather was a very well educated man and respected member of the community. He graduated from Harvard at 16 with his undergraduateRead MoreSalem Wit ch Trials Essay1478 Words   |  6 Pages1692 marked a major event in history in the town of Salem, Massachusetts. The Salem Witchcraft Trials still leaves this country with so many questions as to what happened in that small town. With all the documentation and accounts of the story, people are still wondering why 19 people died as a result of these trials. This paper will discuss the events leading up to the Salem Witch Trials and the events that took place during and after the trials, and the men and women who were killed or spent theRead MoreEssay on Primary Sources for the Salem Witch Trials1731 Words   |  7 Pagescases of witch-hunting/trails and ultimate executions. The last recorded execution in England of an alleged witch is in 1682, though trials and accusations would still be brought alleged witches right up until the 1800’s both in England and on the continent in most cases /crown rule where witch-hunting/trials and executions took place, probably the most famous and certainly one of the most written about witching episodes is that of Witch Trials of Salem, Massachusetts. The Salem Trials took placeRead MoreThe Salem Witch Trials, The Holocaust, And The Serbian Croatia1109 Words   |  5 Pagesto Salem Witch Trials, The Holocaust, and the Serbian Croatia Killings? Everyone has a motive for what they are doing even if they are not aware of it. There are two types of motives, those that are truly good and some that are evil. It is hard to tell the difference between the two types because in the eyes of a man it is what they believe and what they judge to be right or wrong. That is why it is hard to dictate between the two to find the true motive behind a person’s actions. The Salem WitchRead MoreThe Social Psychology of the Salem Witch Trials1647 Words   |  7 PagesAmanda Whitsett Robison History 1301 November 17, 2010 The Social Psychology of the Salem Witch Trials The events that took place in Salem, Massachusetts in 1692 have had historians scrutinizing over the causes for years. There have been several theories about how the situation became so out of control. The haunting story is well known in America, taught to our youth and has been the focus of numerous forms of media. We are familiar with the story but unfamiliar with the origin of itsRead MoreEssay on Cotton Mather and the Salem Witch Trials of 16922284 Words   |  10 Pagesthe Salem Witch Trials The Salem Witch Trials of 1692 took place in the Puritan community of Salem, Massachusetts. Cotton Mather, a clergyman in Salem, emerged throughout the course of the trials as a pillar of support and, ultimately, as a witch-hunter. However, his motives at the beginning of the trials were driven by his Puritanical reasoning which holds a strong belief in Biblical Law. Cotton Mather used his Puritanical faith to find reasoning in God that allowed the Salem Witch Trials toRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller2373 Words   |  10 Pages In Arthur Miller’s The Crucible how do the actions of the characters show the motives of the Puritan people during the time of the Salem Witch trials? Laurie Jacques Essex County Newark Tech Abstract This paper discusses the human traits that Puritans portray in the Salem witch trials which are manipulation, desires, and motives. It analyzes six resources on research conducted on motives, manipulation and on The Crucible. The articles all have the same views on motivationsRead MoreSalem Witch Trial vs Mccarthyism1208 Words   |  5 PagesA review of A Fever in Salem: A New Interpretation of the New England Witch Trials, by Laurie Winn Carlson, Ivan R. Dee, Chicago, 2000; 224 pp. $14.95 Paperback. ISBN: 1-566633095 A FEVER IN SALEM POSITS A biological cause for the early modem witchcraft epidemic, which resulted in the hanging of 19 people in Salem, MA, in 1692. Witchcraft persecution, Laurie Carlson writes, arose because of the strange behavior of the supposedly bewitched accusers. She concludes that the cause was a disease unrecognizable

Necessity To Study Marketing

Questions: 1.Discuss why you should study marketing? 2. Using practical examples, discuss the key challenges facing companies in the twenty-first century. What actions might marketers take to ensure they continue to survive and thrive in the new connected world of marketing? 3.Are the marketing skills that drove huge growth of low cost airlines the same as those needed to address the environmental challenge they currently face? 4. Visit a shopping centre. Choose a category of shop. List the competing shops in each category, walk past them and quickly observe their merchandise and style. Note how the shops are decorated and how well they are located. Note what other shops are close to them and how close they are to their competitors. (a) Are the competing shops unique, or could one pretty much substitute for another? What does this say about the overall goals that the shopping centre if fulfilling? (b) Consider the attitudes of the shoppers you saw. Did some apparently find shopping a pleasure, while others found it a bother? A major goal for marketing is to maximise consumer satisfaction. Discuss the extent to which the shopping centre serves this goal. 5. A very common question small business people have about the pricing strategy section of the marketing plan is: How do you know what price to charge? What would your advice be to them? Answers: (1) Studying the idea of marketing undoubtedly helps in knowing the way by which a particular firm promotes itself and its products and services in the business scenario. Marketing indeed includes both, the effective understanding of the theoretical underpinnings and the conceptual models, and the practical application of it in the current business circumstances. In fact, it is with the help of marketing that an organisation is able to build its brand identity and develop a brand image and name. Indeed, PESTLE analysis helps in getting an idea of the entire external business environment or industry in which the similar organisations tend to operate, where as marketing tools like SWOT analysis contributes in making an internal analysis of a particular organisation, based on the strengths and weaknesses and the extent to which they build up chances or provide obstacles for development (Te'eni-Harari et al. 2009). Positioning Map and perceptual mapping also helps the learners to identif y the position of a company in the market in comparison to other similar existing firms. Moving on, one needs to study marketing since it helps in judging the competitive environment of a business with the help of Porters 5 Forces. Marketing also includes making of an extensive market research if required by conducting mixed research methods, i.e. primary and secondary methods, thereby making a proper sampling and either distributing set of questionnaire or interviewing the concerned sample sizes. It is to be noted that marketing also helps in making the learners realize that the business needs to be customer-oriented, thereby making sure that an appropriate customer-brand relationship is maintained by concentrating on consumer buying behaviour and their interests, demands, preferences and requirements (White, 2010). Marketing tools like the 7Ps of marketing mix helps the learners to obtain knowledge regarding the different aspects that an organisation needs to concentrate on while promoting a product or service such as the presentation of the product, price, promotions, places of display, people involved with the organisation, processes engaged and the physical environment of the stores. in context In addition, it is to be noted that marketing helps an organisation to endorse its products, thereby excelling in the national markets as well as providing an opportunity to develop penetrate into the new foreign markets. Marketing techniques and tools such as BCG Matrix and Ansoffs Matrix contribute in better understanding the products lines on which a company needs to invest and the strategy by which it can enter into a new overseas market, respectively. Furthermore, marketing helps in understanding the recent developments that takes place, especially the introduction of internet marketing in order to bag in more customers. Importance of advertising with the help of Hierarchy of Effects Model, AIDA Model and DAGMAR Model is understood. Moreover, as Pride and Ferrell (2008) points out, marketing certainly contributes not only in understanding the market in which an organisation endeavours to conduct its business but also helps in formulating business objectives, which are SMART in nature so that it is able to compete with the rival companies and attain a competitive advantage in the present business scenario. (2) Key challenges facing organisations in the twenty-first century In the present era of globalisation, a number of issues come up, which pose a threat to different organisations. One of the most significant challenges that most of the organisations tend to face nowadays is competition from the other existing companies in the same industry, be it at the local, global or international level. It is due to the free trade regulation; companies do acquire the permission to operate not only in their own countries but also abroad (Mattas and Baourakis, 2009). For instance, Tesco in UK undoubtedly faces challenges not only from other UK supermarkets like Morrisons and Sainsbury but also from ASDA, which is actually a part of an American retail organisation, Waitrose. Nonetheless, such competition is also faced by the UK fast food and beverage industry where organisations like Miss Millies Fried Chicken and Chicken Cottage do face threats from American based fast food firms like Mc Donalds and KFC. This is because of the fact certain firms are able to apply the appropriate market penetration strategies, thereby understanding the preferences and demands of the foreign customers and reaching out to them with the unique products and services. Managing business across borders also stands out as a key problem because the management needs to take care of the business operations, which are conducted at different nations with the help of mergers and acquisitions. This needs to be resolved by making sure that there are sub-management teams in different organisations, thereby having employees from those particular nations. Appropriate pricing also stands out as a key challenge that most of the organisations face in this era of globalisation (Hult, 2002). Since there are too many companies presently at the business scenario, therefore each one of them attempts to bag in more customers, with the help of suitable pricing. For instance, the giant retail stores, namely Tesco, ASDA, Sainsbury and Morrisons do face threats from highly discount-offering firms like Aldi and Lidl. Moreover, airlines companies like British Airways and Thomas Airways faces threats from Easy Jet and Ryanair Airlines. Thus, the marketers need to take care of the fact the pricing of products is done by keeping in mind the different economic segments of the population Staying connected with the customers has become a necessity nowadays, thereby keeping a track of the choices of the customers as well being in connection with them (Svensson, 2007). However, firms like Apple hardly use social media for promoting its products or connecting with its customers. Social networking sites like Twitter and Facebook needs to be used to stay in touch with the customers. Development of information technology and security issues is also required in the technology advanced century to compete with the other companies as well as handle the internet security issues. Hence, the markets need to be cautious of the new entrants in the markets as well as continuously upgrade its technology. (3) Marketing skills of low cost airlines The low cost airlines in the UK certainly has gained huge amount of popularity in present business scenario, thereby offering flight services at reasonable rates. In fact, organisations like Ryanair Airlines undertake the no-frills strategy thereby to make sure that too many investments on extravagant services are not made. Moreover, low-cost airlines also do not make high investments on marketing the products. Nonetheless, it is to be noted that limited amount of financial investments that low cost airlines tend to make on marketing the services, ultimately lags behind the marketing skills in order to resolve the environmental challenges. Since the low cost airlines has narrow profit margins from the selling of their services, therefore they are hardly able to invest on mitigation of environmental issues that are caused due to the noise pollution and air pollution of the low cost airline services. Moreover, such airlines are also unable to promote themselves much in front of their c ustomers on grounds of being eco-friendly. It is to be noted that similar marketing strategies that such low cost airline services tend to apply cannot be used for meeting the environmental challenges. In fact according to reports, low cost flight services such as Easy Jet, Monarch Airlines and Ryanair Airlines have been accused of its inappropriate handling of carbon emissions. The climate change minister alleges the low cost airlines to be the irresponsible and unacceptable faces of capitalism. However, as the management of most of the low cost airlines opine, they do undertake several fuel saving measures such as using the latest technology for less consumption of fuel and lesser carbon emissions. In fact they also attempt to handle the environmental challenges, thereby increasing more number of passengers in each flight so that it makes an economical usage of fuel (News.bbc.co.uk, 2015). Low cost airlines undoubtedly have changed the thinking styles and perceptions about people regarding the flight travelling and investments made on flights. It is to be noted that the prevention on making investments on unnecessary domains and making full use of the existing assets certainly save money to promote the organisations. Nonetheless, low cost airlines make the utmost usage of internet marketing as well as booking of tickets because of the fact that hardly any financial investments are required in it (Wood, 2012). The customers can easily have access to the official websites of the organisations as well as trace the organisations via the social networking sites, such as Facebook, Twitter and Linked In. This in turn certainly assists to know about the eservices offered as well as the reactions and the perceptions of the existing customers, after having experienced the services. Thus, it is evident enough that customers themselves act as the promoters of the organisations, th ereby saving the financial expenses. Indeed, they also use internet marketing for promoting that they stand out as eco-friendly organisations. However, as Alrawi (2007) points out in his article, organisations need to involve themselves not into online promotions but also undertake offline endeavouring such as conducting promotional campaigns in order to promote the airlines organisations as eco-friendly firms. This in turn not only assures the customers that the organisations do care of their health and the environment but also helps to develop a psychological contract and brand-customer relationship. (4) Competitiveness in marketing On a visit to a shopping mall in London, the learner goes to the third floor, which mainly consists of the food and beverage stalls. The learner recognises that there are a number of competing shops belonging to this particular category of which KFC and McDonalds stands eminent along with Chicken Cottage and Miss Millies Fried Chicken. It is found that the local fast food restaurants have designed the stores by putting up their menu charts and certain catch up lines. On the contrary, the US originated but presently UK based fast food restaurants like McDonalds and KFC simply uses their logo, which serve sufficient enough. a) It is to be noted that even though there are crowds in front of Miss Millies Fried Chicken and Chicken Cottage, however, there is no such uniqueness about the stores, which make them different in contrast to McDonalds or KFC. It is to be noted that brand name of KFC and McDonalds have certainly manipulated the customers largely in comparison to the local fast food companies. Brand reputation or name, as Constantinides (2006) indicates tends to provide a psychological support to the customers, thereby assuring them that the organisation maintains considerably ethical and appropriate business, thereby satisfying the needs and meeting the demands of the customers. Thus, it can also be stated that the shopping centres overall goal of not letting any of the customers leave the mall without purchasing any food is fulfilled. The shopping centre certainly offers the customers with a wide range of fast food restaurants with several food items at different price range. This in turn not only satisfies the different tastes of the customers but also takes care of their pockets (Gronroos, 2006). b) The services that KFC and McDonalds offer are much faster in comparison to Chicken Cottage because of which some of the customers at Chicken Cottage are found to be disappointed enough. Moreover, it is also found that Chicken Cottage and Miss Millies Fried Chicken are unable to provide a wide range of products, thereby offering only a few selected chicken items, whereas KFC offers a huge range of chicken based products. Similarly McDonalds offers chicken oriented as well as food items for vegetarians. Hence, this tends to dissatisfy the customers with varied tastes. Product variety turns out as an important aspect of not only the marketing mix but also a significant strategy in entering into a new market (Dominici, 2009). While KFC and McDonalds take care of it, the local restaurants are unable to maintain extensive product range. Thus, it is evident enough that the shopping centre as a whole does satisfy the needs and preferences of the customers, thereby having stores of several fast food restaurants. Nonetheless, it is important to note that the local restaurants in particular are not successful enough in contenting the customers because of the limited product variety and lengthy transaction procedures. It stands out as necessary to adhere to meet the expectations and needs of the customers in context to the changing lifestyles and preferences. (5) Pricing Strategy in small business Certainly appropriate pricing stands out as a crucial aspect in promoting the product to the customers, thereby influencing them to purchase it. It is to be noted that every organisation requires fixing the prices of the products and services, thereby keeping in mind to be able to not only get back the financial resources invested but even gain wide profit margins. The prices of the products needs to be such that it helps the organisations to earn back the investments, pay off the employees and the suppliers, keep profits for themselves and ultimately help to receive a good brand name. The small businesses can be advised to undertake the penetration pricing strategy while formulating the marketing plan by keeping in mind the present business scenario. As Akroush (2012) points out, penetration pricing strategies seem to be suitable enough in case of small businesses because it tends to attract customers from a wide population, thereby belonging to different economic backgrounds. Economy pricing on the contrary, concentrates on offering low quality products and services at cheaper rates. Since the small businesses tend to invest limited financial resources in the business, hence they cannot bear the risk of pricing the rates of the products and services too high. Too high the price can emerge the risk of pulling in limited number of customers. Researches done by Mohan and Rasad (2012) reveal that premium pricing involves high prices of products while price skimming strategies; indeed contribute in pricing the products at high rates at the initial stage and then gradually lowering it with the passage of time. This particular strategy certainly helps in building an image in the minds of the consumers that the organisation does take care of the customers because of which it reduces the price of the products as per their convenience. Nonetheless, premium pricing builds the image that the organisation offers high quality products or services because of which they tend to fix high price rates. However, it is to be noted that price skimming can prove risky in case of small businesses as such a strategy does not provide assurance of bagging in a wide range of customers. In fact, one of the prominent limitations of this strategy is the failure of obtaining a huge customer base (Johansson et al. 2012). Moreover, premium pricing strategy cannot be advised due to the high price involvement. In fact, economy pricing is also not advisable because since it involves low quality products along with lower price ranges, therefore it is going to lead to a risky situation of developing negative brand image fir the organisation. Thus, it is advisable to apply the penetration pricing strategy. This helps the learners in knowing that penetration pricing undoubtedly not only develops a positive image among the potential customers regarding its product or service quality but also takes care of the customers pockets. References Book Pride, W., and Ferrell, O. (2008). Marketing. 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